DIN EN 12449-1999 铜和铜合金.通用无缝圆管;德文版本EN12449:1999
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【英文标准名称】:Copperandcopperalloys-Seamless,roundtubesforgeneralpurposes;GermanversionEN12449:1999
【原文标准名称】:铜和铜合金.通用无缝圆管;德文版本EN12449:1999
【标准号】:DINEN12449-1999
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1999-10
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:有色金属;形状公差;试验证明书;铜管;铜;圆管;无缝管;极限偏差;包装件;拉拔;尺寸;作标记;铜合金;合格证明书;规范(验收);公差(测量);组分;加标签;名称与符号;特性;定义;试验
【英文主题词】:Certificatesofconformity;Circulartubes;Composition;Copper;Copperalloys;Copperpipes;Coppertubes;Definition;Definitions;Designations;Dimensions;Drawn;Formtolerances;Labelling;Limitdeviations;Marking;Non-ferrousmetals;Packages;Properties;Seamlesspipes;Specification(approval);Testcertificates;Testing;Tolerances(measurement)
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:H62
【国际标准分类号】:23_040_15;77_120_30
【页数】:42P.;A4
【正文语种】:德语
MIL-R-83412A, MILITARY SPECIFICATION: RUBBER, ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE, HYDRAZINE RESISTANT (04 OCT 2002) [S/S BY SAE-AMS-R-83412]., MIL-R-83412A (USAF), dated 30 June 1977, and Notice 3, dated 31 December 1997, are herebycanceled. Future acquisitions for this item may refer to Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)Aerospace Material Specification (AMS) AMS-R-83412, "Rubber, Ethylene-Propylene, HydrazineResistant". Users are cautioned to evaluate replacements for their particular application.(Copies of this document are available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive,Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 or www.sae.org)【英文标准名称】:Nuclearpowerplants-Instrumentationandcontrolimportanttosafety-Hardwaredesignrequirementsforcomputer-basedsystems
【原文标准名称】:核电站.对安全性很重要的仪器仪表和控制.基于计算机系统的硬件设计要求
【标准号】:IEC60987-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2007-08
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IX-IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/SC45A
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:检验;交付使用;计算机硬件;计算机控制;计算机;控制与计算机技术;控制计算机;控制系统;控制技术;数据处理;定义;数字计算机;电气工程;环境;硬件;仪器;维修;核能;核电厂;核反应堆;核安全;核技术;核电站;加压水冷反应堆;反应堆检测仪表;反应堆安全;反应堆容器;可靠度;检修;危险分析;安全;安全工程;安全研究;半导体工艺;规范(验收);监督(认可)
【英文主题词】:Checks;Commissioning;Computerhardware;Computerizedcontrol;Computers;Controlandcomputertechnology;Controlcomputer;Controlsystems;Controltechnology;Dataprocessing;Definitions;Digitalcomputers;Electricalengineering;Environment;Hardware;Instrumentation;Maintenance;Nuclearenergy;Nuclearpowerplants;Nuclearreactors;Nuclearsafety;Nucleartechnology;Nuclear-electricpowerstations;Pressurizedwaterreactors;Reactorinstrumentation;Reactorsafety;Reactorvessels;Reliability;Repair;Riskanalysis;Safety;Safetyengineering;Safetystudies;Semiconductortechnology;Specification(approval);Surveillance(approval)
【摘要】:1.1GeneralThisInternationalStandardisapplicabletoNPPcomputer-systemhardwareforsystemsofClass1and2(asdefinedbyIEC61513).Thestructureofthisstandardhasnotchangedsignificantlyfromtheoriginal1989issue;however,someissuesarenowcoveredbystandardswhichhavebeenissuedintheinterim(forexample,IEC61513forsystemarchitecturedesign)andreferencestonewstandardshavebeenprovidedwhereapplicable.Thetextofthestandardhasalsobeenmodifiedtoreflectdevelopmentsincomputersystemhardwaredesign,theuseofpre-developed(forexample,COTS)hardwareandchangesinterminology.Computerhardwarefacilitiesusedforsoftwareloadingandcheckingarenotconsideredtoformanintrinsicpartofasystemimportanttosafetyand,assuch,areoutsidethescopeofthisstandard.NOTE1Class3computer-systemhardwareisnotaddressedbythisstandard,anditisrecommendedthatsuchsystemsshouldbedevelopedtocommercialgradestandards.NOTE2In2006thedevelopmentofanewstandardtoaddresshardwarerequirementsfor“verycomplex”hardwarewasdiscussedwithinIECSC45A.Ifsuchastandardisdevelopedthenthatstandardwouldbeusedforthedevelopmentof“verycomplex”hardwareinpreferencetoIEC60987.1.2Useofthisstandardforpre-developed(forexample,COTS)hardwareassessmentAlthoughtheprimaryaimofthisstandardistoaddressaspectsofnewhardwaredevelopment,theprocessesdefinedwithinthisstandardmayalsobeusedtoguidetheassessmentanduseofpre-developedhardware,suchasCOTShardware.Guidancehasbeenprovidedinthetextconcerningtheinterpretationoftherequirementsofthisstandardwhenusedfortheassessmentofsuchcomponents.Inparticular,thequalityassurancerequirementsof4.3,concerningconfigurationcontrol,apply.Pre-developedcomponentsmaycontainfirmware(asdefinedin3.8),and,wherefirmwaresoftwareisdeeplyimbedded,andeffectively“transparent”totheuser,thenIEC60987shouldbeusedtoguidetheassessmentprocessforsuchcomponents.Anexampleofwherethisapproachisconsideredappropriateisintheassessmentofmodernprocessorswhichcontainamicrocode.Suchacodeisgenerallyanintegralpartofthe“hardware”,anditisthereforeappropriatefortheprocessor(includingthemicrocode)tobeassessedasanintegratedhardwarecomponentusingthisstandard.Softwarewhichisnotfirmware,asdescribedabove,shouldbedevelopedorassessedaccordingtotherequirementsoftherelevantsoftwarestandard(forexample,IEC60880forClass1systemsandIEC62138forClass2systems).1.3ApplicabilityofthisstandardtoprogrammablelogicdevicesdevelopmentI&CcomponentsmayincludeprogrammablelogicdevicesthataregiventheirspecificapplicationlogicdesignbythedesigneroftheI&Ccomponent,asopposedtothechipmanufacturer.Examplesofsuchdevicesincludecomplexprogrammablelogicdevices(CPLD)andfieldprogrammablegatearrays(FPGA).Whiletheprogrammablenatureofthesedevicesgivesthedevelopmentprocessesusedforthesedevices,someofthecharacteristicsofasoftwaredevelopmentprocessandthedesignprocessesusedforsuchdevices,areverysimilartothoseusedtodesignlogiccircuitsimplementedwithdiscretegatesandintegratedcircuitpackages.Therefore,thedesignprocessesanddesignverificationappliedtoprogrammablelogicdevicesshouldcomplywiththerelevantrequirementsofthisstandard(i.e.takingintoaccounttheparticularfeaturesofthedesignprocessesofsuchdevices).Totheextentthatsoftware-basedtoolsareusedtosupportthedesignprocessesforprogrammablelogicdevices,thosesoftwaretoolsshouldgenerallyfollowtheguidanceprovidedforsoftware-baseddevelopmenttoolsintheappropriatesoftwarestandard,i.e.IEC60880(Class1systems)orIEC62138(Class2systems).
【中国标准分类号】:F84
【国际标准分类号】:27_120_20;35_240_99
【页数】:61P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
